DeFiPunk'd

Usual

3 deployments · $99.5M aggregate TVL · RWA

Deployments

Each deployment is rated independently. Pick one to see its rating, risk analysis, and stage.

TVL $95.1M
Type RWA
Chain Ethereum
View on DeFiLlama ↗
Control criteria
Upgradeability Upgradeable Bug bounty tech.usual.money Governance forum snapshot.box Docs docs.usual.money
About

Usual is a decentralized RWA-backed stablecoin issuer on Ethereum that lets users mint USD0 (and EUR0/ETH0 variants) by depositing tokenized US Treasury Bills and other short-term RWA collateral. USD0 is fully collateralized 1:1; users can lock USD0 into bUSD0 (a 4-year liquid bond) to earn yield, or stake USUAL (the governance/revenue token) in USUALx to receive protocol revenue. The protocol uses a RegistryAccess/RegistryContract system for role-based access control across all contract stacks, and all core contracts are upgradeable via EIP-1967 Transparent Proxies.

Risk analysis

One card per dimension, sorted by severity. Only Verifiability and Autonomy carry automated signals in Phase 0. See methodology for scope.

Audit a dimension yourself · DEFI@home Contribute an LLM-run assessment — any model, any dimension. Three agreeing runs merge automatically into the public record.

DEFI@home is a distributed audit network modeled on SETI@home: instead of CPU cycles, it crowdsources LLM reasoning. Paste a slice prompt into Claude, ChatGPT, Gemini, or any browsing-capable model, and submit the JSON output as a pull request. The quorum bot merges it once ≥3 independent runs (from different models) reach the same grade — no single model, and no single contributor, can move the needle alone. How it works →

  • Address discovery 73 addresses on file · 1 run Submit run ↗
  • Verifiability Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Control Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Ability to exit Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Autonomy Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Open Access Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Audit all 5 dimensions · one prompt Submit run ↗
  1. Verifiability tentative
    Open source + 13 audits

    Protocol publishes a GitHub repository and has at least one audit on record. This is a coarse Phase-0 signal only: auditor reputation, scope, and post-audit review coverage are not yet weighted.

    Run your own prompt Submit run ↗
4 dimensions not yet assessed (Control, Ability to exit, Autonomy, Open Access)
  1. Control unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Who holds admin privileges, how contracts can be upgraded, and how quickly. No automated heuristic grades this at Phase 0; a real assessment arrives when onchain discovery reads roles, owners, and timelocks.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  2. Ability to exit unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Whether users can exit on their own terms if the team disappears or acts adversarially. Requires per-protocol review; not available at Phase 0.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  3. Autonomy unknown Unverified
    No Phase-0 autonomy signal

    Neither the category heuristic nor the forkedFrom signal fires for this protocol. A real autonomy graph (oracles, bridges, fallbacks, governance-mutable dependencies) arrives with Phase-2 onchain discovery.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  4. Open Access unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Whether the protocol depends on privileged operators, whitelists, geo-restrictions, or off-chain infrastructure. This is not a signal DeFiLlama carries in a usable form; crawler-based detection lands in a later phase.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗

Stage

Preview of the Phase-3 maturity framework. DeFiPunk'd will adopt DeFiScan v2's stages verbatim; the section is rendered below in its intended shape so the structure is visible today.

Usual USD0 has not yet been assessed under the DeFiScan v2 stage framework.
The walkaway test is the central criterion. Once stages land, protocols reach Stage 1 only if users can exit in the presence of malicious operators even when the emergency council disappears.
Scope of assessment
Stages are assessed per-protocol against DeFiScan v2's criteria: governance structure, upgradeability path, timelock durations, emergency-council scope, and the walkaway test. The analysis depends on onchain discovery (roles, owners, timelocks) and deeper review of deployed contracts — neither of which DeFiPunk'd automates at Phase 0.
Stage 0 requirements pending
Governance is largely off-chain, contracts are upgradeable with short or no timelock, and the protocol depends on a multisig or team with full discretion. At Phase 0 DeFiPunk'd does not automatically evaluate these; the assessment lands with crawler-based onchain discovery.
Stage 1 requirements pending
Users can exit or opt out on their own terms even if the team disappears. Upgrades run through a meaningful timelock with an emergency security council clearly scoped. The walkaway test is the headline criterion.
Stage 2 requirements pending
Protocol is fully permissionless and immutable, or upgrades require a supermajority of token holders with a long timelock and no emergency override. This is the terminal stage of the DeFiScan v2 framework.
Learn more about DeFiScan v2 stages →
Stages are an opinionated assessment of maturity, not a rating of security or safety. A protocol can sit at Stage 2 and still carry substantial technical or economic risk; the framework exists to incentivize decentralization, not to rank protocols.

Contract surface

Every contract in scope for this protocol — pooled from DeFiLlama's TVL adapter (mechanical) and DEFI@home discovery submissions (LLM-curated). Verified-source flags come from Etherscan + Sourcify; owner / multisig metadata is read on-chain when available. Reviewer audit context, not a slice score. A lending protocol's adapter set will list third-party collateral tokens alongside its own contracts; attribution is the grader's job.

  • 73addresses
  • 3verified source
  • 3proxies

TVL adapter pinned at 683d369. Sourcecode fetched 2026-05-06. Control fetched 2026-05-14.

ethereumTransparentUpgradeableProxy0x2e7f…cd81TVL + discproxytoken
ethereumTransparentUpgradeableProxy0xc444…e38eTVL + discproxygovernance
ethereumTransparentUpgradeableProxy0x06b9…4b8eTVL + discproxytoken
Ethereumadmin (RegistryAccess — role-based access control hub for USD0 stack)0x0d37…bb56discovery
Ethereumadmin (RegistryAccess for ETH0 stack)0x6d2a…152fdiscovery
Ethereumadmin (RegistryAccess for EUR0 stack)0x6577…e9abdiscovery
Ethereumadmin (RegistryAccess for USD0a stack)0xe4b1…b982discovery
Ethereumadmin (RegistryContract for ETH0 stack)0xfe35…93cadiscovery
Ethereumadmin (RegistryContract for EUR0 stack)0x2b98…52afdiscovery
Ethereumadmin (RegistryContract for USD0a stack)0xd101…5309discovery
EthereumbUSD0 (USD0++) token at 0x35D8949372D46B7a3D5A56006AE77B215fc69bC0, Usual: USD0++ Token name tag, holds ~539M USD0, deployed by Usual: Deployer0x35d8…9bc0discoveryfactory
Ethereumoracle (Chainlink bUSD0/USD0++ Oracle)0xfc9e…c1cbdiscoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (Circle EURC/EUR Oracle)0x2a02…f69bdiscoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (CircleUSDC Oracle for USD0a)0x2ad0…4becdiscoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (ClassicalOracle for ETH0)0x8a03…b1a7discoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (ClassicalOracle for EUR0)0x3b4b…0546discoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (ClassicalOracle for USD0 stack)0xb97e…35bfdiscoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (ClassicalOracle for USD0a)0xaa3e…9faediscoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (DebtUSDC Oracle for USD0a)0x28b5…f5eadiscoveryoracle
Ethereumoracle (Lido wstETH Oracle for ETH0)0xeb9b…5dc4discoveryoracle
Ethereumother (AirdropDistribution)0x89e8…96eddiscovery
Ethereumother (AirdropTaxCollector)0xa6cd…4c01discovery
Ethereumother (CCIP LockReleaseTokenPool USD0)0xc3d3…2782discovery
Ethereumother (CCIP LockReleaseTokenPool USUAL)0x72a0…366adiscovery
Ethereumother (DaoCollateral — collateral management for USD0)0xde6e…8b04discovery
Ethereumother (DaoCollateral for ETH0)0xaad0…45fcdiscovery
Ethereumother (DaoCollateral for EUR0)0xb967…66d1discovery
Ethereumother (DaoCollateral for USD0a)0xecd8…7039discovery
Ethereumother (euTBL RWA token)0xa076…fc80discoverytoken
Ethereumother (Gateway for USD0a)0xaaf8…31abdiscoverybridge
Ethereumother (LayerZero bUSD0 L1OFTAdapter for TAC)0x8cc2…5ff4discovery
Ethereumother (LayerZero bUSD0/USD0++ L1OFTAdapter)0xd155…3111discovery
Ethereumother (LayerZero USD0 L1OFTAdapter)0xe14c…3b26discovery
Ethereumother (LayerZero USUAL L1OFTAdapter)0xd277…2b59discovery
Ethereumother (M by M0 RWA collateral token)0x866a…be1bdiscoverytoken
Ethereumother (Monerium Swapper Helper for EUR0)0x7a03…a2f0discovery
Ethereumother (Revenue Distribution Module for EUR0)0x7833…3179discovery
Ethereumother (Revenue Distribution Module for USD0)0x6ec6…5f77discovery
Ethereumother (SwapperEngine — USD0 swap routing)0xb969…12b2discovery
Ethereumother (SwapperEngine for EUR0)0x46c0…847adiscovery
Ethereumother (SwapperEngine for USD0a)0x51b1…9f4ediscovery
Ethereumother (TokenMapping — collateral whitelist for USD0)0x4388…f624discovery
Ethereumother (TokenMapping for ETH0)0x934f…b4b9discovery
Ethereumother (TokenMapping for EUR0)0xf20b…4a4adiscovery
Ethereumother (TokenMapping for USD0a)0x9d99…d6e5discovery
Ethereumother (USD0RewardsClaim)0xb391…d233discovery
Ethereumother (USDtb RWA collateral token)0xc139…ac1cdiscoverytoken
Ethereumother (USUAL distribution)0x75cc…e36adiscovery
Ethereumother (UsualM / Wrapped M)0x4cbc…6470discoverytoken
Ethereumother (USUALSP staking participation)0xa55a…7d37discovery
Ethereumother (UsualUSDC wrapper)0xb672…1424discovery
Ethereumother (UsualUSDtb wrapper)0x5807…2abbdiscovery
Ethereumother (UsualX Lockup)0x85b6…e9eddiscovery
Ethereumother (usUSDS++ vault router)0x4f6e…78fddiscoveryrouter
Ethereumother (USYC RWA collateral token)0x1364…9f2bdiscoverytoken
Ethereumother (YieldModule for EUR0)0x042d…f59ddiscovery
Ethereumother (YieldModule for USUAL)0x647f…9edadiscovery
EthereumRegistryContract at 0x0594cb5ca47eFE1Ff25C7B8B43E221683B4Db34c with Etherscan name tag 'Usual: Registry Contract'0x0594…b34cdiscoveryfactory
Ethereumtoken (DebtUSDC Token for USD0a)0xcba5…1748discoverytoken
Ethereumtoken (ETH0 stablecoin)0x734e…9abediscoverytoken
Ethereumtoken (EUR0 stablecoin)0x3c89…8e49discoverytoken
Ethereumtoken (rt-bUSD0, transparent proxy)0x82dc…cfe9discoverytoken
Ethereumtoken (sEUR0 staked EUR0)0x35f4…5478discoverytoken
Ethereumtoken (sUSD0 staked USD0)0xd861…d406discoverytoken
Ethereumtoken (USUALS staking)0x094b…7b89discoverytoken
Ethereumtreasury (Collateral Treasury)0xdd82…c7c7discoverytreasury
Ethereumtreasury (EUR0 Collateral Treasury)0x11d7…183ediscoverytreasury
Ethereumtreasury (Longterm Treasury)0xf3d9…95f4discoverytreasury
Ethereumtreasury (USD0a Collateral Treasury)0xbfbe…c792discoverytreasury
Ethereumtreasury (Yield Treasury — shared by USD0, USD0a, EUR0 stacks)0x81ad…03f4discoverytreasury
EthereumUSD0 ERC-20 token at 0x73A15FeD60Bf67631dC6cd7Bc5B6e8da8190aCF5, EIP-1967 Transparent Proxy, implementation at 0xae12f6f805842e6dafe71a6d2b41b28ba5fc821e (previously 0xa17f4646d1a693446dd8c749ff38bf7c2a21c98e), ~563M USD0 total supply0x73a1…acf5discoverytoken
EthereumUsual: Chainlink USD0 Oracle at 0x7e891DEbD8FA0A4Cf6BE58Ddff5a8ca174FebDCB, AggregatorProxy pattern0x7e89…bdcbdiscoveryoracle
Ethereumvault (usUSDS++ investment vault)0x67ec…a4dbdiscoveryvault

Protocol Info

Links

[defillama] Source: DeFiLlama [:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Twitter
@usualmoney

Security

[:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Audits
1 audit
Security contact
security@usual.company

Technical

[:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Voting token
USUAL Ethereum: 0xC4441c2BE5d8fA8126822B9929CA0b81Ea0DE38E
Upgradeability
Upgradeable

Provenance

[defillama] Source: DeFiLlama
Review status
listed
Updated
2026-06-22 11:48 UTC