DeFiPunk'd

Plume Vaults

RWA

TVL $222.2M
Type RWA
Chains Plume Mainnet, Ethereum, Binance, Solana, Avalanche
View on DeFiLlama ↗
Control criteria
Upgradeability Unknown Bug bounty immunefi.com Governance forum — Docs app.plume.org
About

Plume Vaults (formerly branded as Nest) is the flagship real-world asset vault protocol on Plume Network, developed by Kimber Labs Inc. Users deposit stablecoins (USDC, pUSD, USDT) into curated vaults and receive yield-bearing ERC-20 share tokens (e.g., nTBILL, nOPAL, nALPHA) representing exposure to institutional RWA strategies including US Treasuries, private credit, crypto basis trades, and payment receivables. The protocol uses an immutable three-contract architecture per vault (Core Vault, Vault Extension, Manager) with compliance enforced via a shared NestVaultPredicateProxy and RolesAuthority; vaults are accessible cross-chain via LayerZero OFT bridges to Ethereum, BNB Chain, and Solana. As of September 2026, the protocol reports over $600M in settled RWA volume across 11 active vaults with combined TVL exceeding $160M.

Risk analysis

One card per dimension, sorted by severity. Only Verifiability and Autonomy carry automated signals in Phase 0. See methodology for scope.

Audit a dimension yourself · DEFI@home Contribute an LLM-run assessment — any model, any dimension. Three agreeing runs merge automatically into the public record.

DEFI@home is a distributed audit network modeled on SETI@home: instead of CPU cycles, it crowdsources LLM reasoning. Paste a slice prompt into Claude, ChatGPT, Gemini, or any browsing-capable model, and submit the JSON output as a pull request. The quorum bot merges it once ≥3 independent runs (from different models) reach the same grade — no single model, and no single contributor, can move the needle alone. How it works →

  • Address discovery 83 addresses on file · 1 run Submit run ↗
  • Verifiability Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Control Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Ability to exit Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Autonomy Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Open Access Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Audit all 5 dimensions · one prompt Submit run ↗
  1. Verifiability tentative
    Open source + 4 audits

    Protocol publishes a GitHub repository and has at least one audit on record. This is a coarse Phase-0 signal only: auditor reputation, scope, and post-audit review coverage are not yet weighted.

    Run your own prompt Submit run ↗
4 dimensions not yet assessed (Control, Ability to exit, Autonomy, Open Access)
  1. Control unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Who holds admin privileges, how contracts can be upgraded, and how quickly. No automated heuristic grades this at Phase 0; a real assessment arrives when onchain discovery reads roles, owners, and timelocks.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  2. Ability to exit unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Whether users can exit on their own terms if the team disappears or acts adversarially. Requires per-protocol review; not available at Phase 0.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  3. Autonomy unknown Unverified
    No Phase-0 autonomy signal

    Neither the category heuristic nor the forkedFrom signal fires for this protocol. A real autonomy graph (oracles, bridges, fallbacks, governance-mutable dependencies) arrives with Phase-2 onchain discovery.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  4. Open Access unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Whether the protocol depends on privileged operators, whitelists, geo-restrictions, or off-chain infrastructure. This is not a signal DeFiLlama carries in a usable form; crawler-based detection lands in a later phase.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗

Stage

Preview of the Phase-3 maturity framework. DeFiPunk'd will adopt DeFiScan v2's stages verbatim; the section is rendered below in its intended shape so the structure is visible today.

Plume Vaults has not yet been assessed under the DeFiScan v2 stage framework.
The walkaway test is the central criterion. Once stages land, protocols reach Stage 1 only if users can exit in the presence of malicious operators even when the emergency council disappears.
Scope of assessment
Stages are assessed per-protocol against DeFiScan v2's criteria: governance structure, upgradeability path, timelock durations, emergency-council scope, and the walkaway test. The analysis depends on onchain discovery (roles, owners, timelocks) and deeper review of deployed contracts — neither of which DeFiPunk'd automates at Phase 0.
Stage 0 requirements pending
Governance is largely off-chain, contracts are upgradeable with short or no timelock, and the protocol depends on a multisig or team with full discretion. At Phase 0 DeFiPunk'd does not automatically evaluate these; the assessment lands with crawler-based onchain discovery.
Stage 1 requirements pending
Users can exit or opt out on their own terms even if the team disappears. Upgrades run through a meaningful timelock with an emergency security council clearly scoped. The walkaway test is the headline criterion.
Stage 2 requirements pending
Protocol is fully permissionless and immutable, or upgrades require a supermajority of token holders with a long timelock and no emergency override. This is the terminal stage of the DeFiScan v2 framework.
Learn more about DeFiScan v2 stages →
Stages are an opinionated assessment of maturity, not a rating of security or safety. A protocol can sit at Stage 2 and still carry substantial technical or economic risk; the framework exists to incentivize decentralization, not to rank protocols.

Contract surface

Every contract in scope for this protocol — pooled from DeFiLlama's TVL adapter (mechanical) and DEFI@home discovery submissions (LLM-curated). Verified-source flags come from Etherscan + Sourcify; owner / multisig metadata is read on-chain when available. Reviewer audit context, not a slice score. A lending protocol's adapter set will list third-party collateral tokens alongside its own contracts; attribution is the grader's job.

  • 83addresses
  • 0verified source
  • 0proxies

Control fetched 2026-09-03.

BNB Chainadmin (NestRedeemOperator - redemption execution)0xd9b4…5440discovery————
BNB Chainadmin (OperatorRegistry - operator management)0xfabd…6835discovery————
BNB Chainadmin (RolesAuthority - shared access control)0x9378…5ba4discovery————
BNB Chainguardian (NestShareSeizer - share seizure authority)0xf6c0…0510discovery———guardian
BNB Chainother (NestVaultPredicateProxy - shared compliance entrypoint)0xfc0c…9035discovery————
BNB Chainvault (nACRDX USDT NestVault)0xba1d…faaediscovery———vault
BNB Chainvault (nALPHA USDT NestVault)0xf65b…8263discovery———vault
BNB Chainvault (nBASIS USDT NestVault)0xf388…f3c3discovery———vault
BNB Chainvault (nCREDIT USDT NestVault)0xe2d8…2acddiscovery———vault
BNB Chainvault (nTBILL USDT NestVault)0x109d…8a0cdiscovery———vault
BNB Chainvault (nWISDOM USDT NestVault)0xf6d6…a45bdiscovery———vault
Ethereumadmin (NestRedeemOperator - redemption execution)0xd9b4…5440discovery————
Ethereumadmin (OperatorRegistry - operator management)0xfabd…6835discovery————
Ethereumadmin (RolesAuthority - shared access control)0x9378…5ba4discovery————
Ethereumguardian (NestShareSeizer - share seizure authority)0xf6c0…0510discovery———guardian
Ethereumother (NestVaultPredicateProxy - shared compliance entrypoint)0xfc0c…9035discovery————
Ethereumtoken (nAXI share token - OFT bridge)0x7488…6d79discovery———bridge
Ethereumtoken (nCLOA share token - OFT bridge)0x6381…9e13discovery———bridge
Ethereumtoken (nFXCF share token - OFT bridge)0x066d…bdffdiscovery———bridge
Ethereumtoken (nLCRD share token - OFT bridge)0xdf45…0ee8discovery———bridge
Ethereumtoken (nTBILL share token - OFT bridge deployment)0xe72f…8cb9discovery———bridge
Ethereumvault (nAXI USDC NestVault)0xe154…ebd0discovery———vault
Ethereumvault (nCLOA USDC NestVault)0x84c1…d9e3discovery———vault
Ethereumvault (nCLOA USDT NestVault)0xb728…14a0discovery———vault
Ethereumvault (nFXCF USDC NestVault)0x4738…c5e7discovery———vault
Ethereumvault (nLCRD USDC NestVault)0x7195…6c8ediscovery———vault
Ethereumvault (nOPAL USDT NestVault)0x5e94…7a2cdiscovery———vault
Ethereumvault (nTBILL USDC NestVault)0x250c…7f12discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetadmin (NestRedeemOperator - redemption execution)0xd9b4…5440discovery————
Plume Mainnetadmin (OperatorRegistry - operator management)0xfabd…6835discovery————
Plume Mainnetadmin (RolesAuthority - shared access control)0x9378…5ba4discovery————
Plume Mainnetguardian (NestShareSeizer - share seizure authority)0xf6c0…0510discovery———guardian
Plume Mainnetother (nALPHA Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x3eb8…5727discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (nBASIS Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x22b4…42eediscovery————
Plume Mainnetother (nCLOA Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0xb940…dd90discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (NestAdapter - deposit/redeem adapter)0x2de3…13eadiscovery————
Plume Mainnetother (NestBundler - transaction bundler)0x09a2…d6dddiscovery————
Plume Mainnetother (NestCCTPRelayer - cross-chain CCTP relayer)0x7de0…d8bediscovery———bridge
Plume Mainnetother (NestUnlooper - loop unwinding)0xb7e2…392adiscovery————
Plume Mainnetother (NestVaultPredicateProxy - shared compliance entrypoint)0xfc0c…9035discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (nFXCF Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0xbcad…0648discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (nLCRD Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x63c7…6295discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (nOPAL Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x9053…62c9discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (nTBILL Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x719e…d873discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (nWISDOM Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x312a…4974discovery————
Plume Mainnetother (Rollup Proxy - Plume L2 rollup contract)0x4ed3…6ee8discovery————
Plume Mainnettoken (nACRDX share token)0x2a3e…61cbdiscovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nALPHA share token)0x593c…88dbdiscovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nAXI share token)0x7488…6d79discovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nBASIS share token)0x1111…e94bdiscovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nCLOA share token)0x6381…9e13discovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nCREDIT share token)0xa5f7…066cdiscovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nFXCF share token)0x066d…bdffdiscovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nLCRD share token)0xdf45…0ee8discovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nOPAL share token)0x119d…9165discovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nTBILL share token)0xe72f…8cb9discovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (nWISDOM share token)0x29bf…0240discovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (pUSD - Plume USD stablecoin)0xdddd…6f3fdiscovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (USDC on Plume Mainnet)0x2223…a7afdiscovery———token
Plume Mainnettoken (WPLUME - Wrapped PLUME)0xea23…4bd1discovery———token
Plume Mainnetvault (nACRDX pUSD NestVault)0xa7d4…66b3discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nACRDX USDC NestVault)0xf991…1f2bdiscovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nALPHA pUSD NestVault)0x9bb9…f4f0discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nALPHA USDC NestVault)0x0342…3c34discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nAXI pUSD NestVault)0x7592…4b13discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nAXI USDC NestVault)0xe154…ebd0discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nAXI XUPL NestVault)0x99ed…327bdiscovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nBASIS pUSD NestVault)0xe74f…7d0bdiscovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nBASIS USDC NestVault)0x5f35…dbb1discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCLOA pUSD NestVault)0x856f…79a0discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCLOA USDC NestVault)0x84c1…d9e3discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCREDIT pUSD NestVault)0xdd38…4572discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCREDIT USDC NestVault)0xec59…abeediscovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nFXCF pUSD NestVault)0x74c9…4c05discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nFXCF USDC NestVault)0x4738…c5e7discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nLCRD pUSD NestVault)0x67b2…edc2discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nLCRD USDC NestVault)0x7195…6c8ediscovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nOPAL pUSD NestVault)0xfbfe…9a48discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nOPAL USDC NestVault)0xd258…05c0discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nTBILL pUSD NestVault)0xd263…baeddiscovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nTBILL USDC NestVault)0x250c…7f12discovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nWISDOM pUSD NestVault)0x4ecd…e25bdiscovery———vault
Plume Mainnetvault (nWISDOM USDC NestVault)0x6330…a651discovery———vault

Protocol Info

Links

[defillama] Source: DeFiLlama [:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Twitter
@plumenetwork

Security

[:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Audits
2 audits
Security contact
unknown

Technical

[:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Upgradeability
Unknown

Provenance

[defillama] Source: DeFiLlama
Review status
listed
Updated
2026-09-28 12:50 UTC